Economic activity, but also in a small number of large corporations: around 70% of total foreign Last Database sales is controlled by the 200 largest companies in the country. In addition, within this panel, a high concentration in the "first 50" companies is Last Database corroborated (Table 2). This invites us to look at a structural characteristic of the Argentine economy that generally does not appear in public debates: the large and systematic Last Database aggregate trade surplus of the leading oligopolies contrasts with the pronounced and recurring deficits of the "rest of the economy."
This gives top companies Last Database enormous structural power based on currency control. Just to take a year for illustrative purposes, in 2019 the business leadership as a whole operated with a commercial surplus that exceeded 25,000 Last Database million dollars, compared to a negative balance of close to 7,000 million for the rest of the companies that operate in the National scope. The dependence of the Argentine economy on the large providers Last Database of foreign exchange through exports becomes more evident when considering that, for example, in the period 2015-2019 the "top 50" firms on the panel accounted for approximately 90% of the general surplus (and almost 100% in 2019).
Thus, systematically, a handful of sectors and large economic agents act as a source of foreign currency, regardless of whether this surplus is Last Database captured by the business community itself or redirected in part by the State to promote some other production. If the neoliberal orthodoxy accepts it as a natural mandate, the neo-developmentalist Last Database heterodoxy accepts it with resignation in the face of the impossibility of change. As if this Last Database were not enough, around two thirds of exports, imports and aggregate surpluses at the top are accounted for by transnational.